Mandibular Tori (One Side): Causes & Treatment

Mandibular tori, bony growths in the oral cavity, generally present bilaterally; however, the etiology and management of mandibular tori on one side require specific consideration. The asymmetrical presentation often prompts differential diagnosis, excluding conditions such as osteomas or, in rare instances, neoplastic processes that oral and maxillofacial surgeons routinely evaluate. Research published in the Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery indicates genetic factors and occlusal forces may contribute to the development of these unilateral tori, influencing treatment planning. The use of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is crucial for accurate assessment, especially in cases of mandibular tori on one side, to determine size, location, and proximity to adjacent anatomical structures prior to surgical intervention.

Torus Mandibularis (singular) and Tori Mandibulares (plural) are benign bony protuberances found on the mandible, the lower jawbone. These non-cancerous growths are a relatively common finding in oral examinations, although their precise etiology remains a subject of ongoing investigation.

Prevalence and Location

Typically, tori mandibulares manifest on the lingual (tongue) side of the mandible, often in the region of the mylohyoid ridge, an area crucial for muscle attachment and structural integrity of the jaw.

The occurrence of mandibular tori exhibits notable variation across different populations, suggesting the influence of genetic and environmental factors. Understanding this prevalence is essential for dentists and oral health professionals.

Significance and Scope

While often asymptomatic, mandibular tori can, in certain cases, present clinical challenges. These may range from interfering with speech and swallowing to complicating the fit and function of removable dental prostheses like dentures.

This section serves as an introduction to a comprehensive exploration of mandibular tori. We will delve into the critical aspects of these bony outgrowths, focusing on their:

• Anatomical Context: Establishing a solid foundation for understanding the location and development of tori.

• Etiology: Examining the complex interplay of factors contributing to their formation.

• Diagnosis: Reviewing the clinical and radiographic methods employed in their identification and assessment.

• Management: Discussing both non-surgical and surgical approaches to address associated clinical issues.

By addressing these critical areas, we aim to provide a thorough understanding of mandibular tori, empowering dental professionals and patients alike to make informed decisions regarding their management.

Anatomical Context: The Mandible and Surrounding Structures

Torus Mandibularis (singular) and Tori Mandibulares (plural) are benign bony protuberances found on the mandible, the lower jawbone. These non-cancerous growths are a relatively common finding in oral examinations, although their precise etiology remains a subject of ongoing investigation. To truly understand the formation and location of these tori, it's essential to appreciate the anatomical landscape of the mandible itself and its surrounding structures.

The Mandible: Foundation of Tori Development

The mandible, or lower jawbone, serves as the foundational structure upon which mandibular tori develop. It is the largest and strongest bone of the face, responsible for housing the lower teeth and playing a crucial role in mastication, speech, and facial aesthetics.

Its unique horseshoe shape and robust structure provide the necessary framework for the osseous changes that characterize tori formation. The mandible's distinct anatomical features directly influence the location and morphology of these bony outgrowths.

Key Anatomical Landmarks

Several specific anatomical landmarks on the mandible are particularly relevant to the understanding of mandibular tori. These landmarks provide crucial context for both the diagnosis and potential surgical management of these bony prominences.

The Oral Cavity

The oral cavity is the overarching region where mandibular tori are found. It is the entry point for food and air, and its environment significantly impacts oral health. Tori within the oral cavity can, in certain cases, interfere with normal functions like speech, swallowing, and even the fitting of dental appliances.

The Mylohyoid Ridge

The mylohyoid ridge is arguably the most clinically significant landmark in the context of mandibular tori. This ridge, located on the lingual (tongue) side of the mandible, serves as the attachment site for the mylohyoid muscle, which plays a crucial role in elevating the hyoid bone and supporting the floor of the mouth. It is a frequent site for tori to develop.

Tori in this location can pose significant challenges for denture wearers or patients requiring other forms of restorative dentistry. The proximity to this muscle also means surgeons must be extra cautious.

The Buccal Shelf

The buccal shelf is another important area to consider. Located on the outer (buccal) side of the mandible, it is a bony platform that provides support for the attachment of the buccinator muscle. While less common than the mylohyoid ridge, tori can also develop in this region.

Its location is clinically relevant, as it dictates the surgical approach, if excision is warranted. Furthermore, any significant bone alteration in this region can potentially impact muscle function or the stability of dental implants.

The Alveolar Ridge

The alveolar ridge is the portion of the mandible that surrounds and supports the teeth. The proximity of mandibular tori to the alveolar ridge is critical because the bony growths can directly impact dental health.

Large tori in this area can make oral hygiene more challenging, potentially leading to localized inflammation or periodontal issues. Surgical removal might be necessary to facilitate proper dental care or the placement of dental implants.

Unraveling the Cause: Etiology and Pathogenesis of Mandibular Tori

As discussed, Torus Mandibularis are benign bony protuberances found on the mandible. While their presence is frequently noted in oral examinations, the precise factors driving their formation remain an area of active research.

This section will delve into the multifaceted etiology and pathogenesis of these bony outgrowths, exploring the intricate interplay of genetic predisposition, environmental influences, and underlying biological mechanisms.

The Multifactorial Nature of Tori Development

The development of mandibular tori is widely considered a multifactorial phenomenon, meaning that it arises from a complex interaction of various genetic and environmental factors. Identifying specific causative agents is therefore challenging, as the condition likely represents a confluence of contributing elements rather than a single, isolated cause.

It's important to acknowledge that attributing tori solely to one factor would be overly simplistic.

Biological Processes: Bone Remodeling and Cellular Mechanisms

At a cellular level, the formation of mandibular tori involves a disruption in the normal bone remodeling process. Bone remodeling is a continuous process where old bone tissue is removed (resorption) and new bone tissue is formed (ossification).

In the case of tori, there appears to be an imbalance between these processes, with bone formation outpacing bone resorption, leading to a net increase in bone mass and the eventual formation of the bony protuberance.

Role of Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts

This bone remodeling process is orchestrated by two primary cell types: osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Osteoblasts are responsible for synthesizing and depositing new bone matrix, while osteoclasts are responsible for resorbing or breaking down existing bone.

In the development of mandibular tori, osteoblast activity is likely upregulated, leading to excessive bone deposition. While osteoclast activity may remain relatively normal, the overall effect is a net gain in bone volume. The exact signals that trigger this shift in cellular activity are still being investigated.

Potential Contributing Factors

While the precise mechanisms of tori formation remain elusive, several potential contributing factors have been identified and are the subject of ongoing research.

Genetic Predisposition

Evidence suggests a genetic component to the development of mandibular tori. Studies have shown a higher prevalence of tori within families, indicating that individuals with a family history of the condition may be more likely to develop them.

The specific genes involved in this predisposition are not yet fully understood, but genetic research is continuing to shed light on the heritability of tori.

Bruxism

Bruxism, or teeth grinding and clenching, is another factor often implicated in the development of mandibular tori. The excessive forces generated during bruxism can place stress on the mandible, potentially stimulating bone growth in susceptible individuals.

While not everyone who bruxes will develop tori, the increased mechanical stress may contribute to the imbalance in bone remodeling described earlier.

Malocclusion and Occlusal Forces

Malocclusion, or improper bite alignment, can also contribute to the development of mandibular tori. When the teeth do not fit together properly, it can lead to uneven distribution of occlusal forces (the forces generated during chewing). This uneven distribution can place excessive stress on certain areas of the mandible, potentially stimulating bone growth in those regions.

Therefore, occlusal forces can play a significant role in tori development.

Biomechanical Influence of Unilateral Parafunctional Habits and Occlusal Imbalance

The influence of unilateral parafunctional habits, such as chewing gum predominantly on one side or favoring one side during teeth grinding, and occlusal imbalance can have a significant effect.

These asymmetric forces can lead to localized stress on the mandible, potentially stimulating bone formation specifically in the region experiencing the greater load.

Localized Trauma and Adaptive Bone Remodeling

Localized trauma to the mandible, even minor repetitive trauma, can also trigger adaptive bone remodeling. In response to such trauma, the body may initiate bone deposition in the affected area to strengthen and protect the underlying bone. This adaptive response can, in some cases, lead to the formation of mandibular tori.

The exact nature and intensity of trauma that can lead to this response are still being investigated.

Idiopathic Cases

Despite the various potential contributing factors, it's important to acknowledge that in some cases, the cause of mandibular tori remains unknown. These are referred to as idiopathic cases. In these situations, the tori develop without any clear identifiable trigger.

Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms driving tori formation in these idiopathic cases.

Diagnosis: Identifying and Assessing Mandibular Tori

As discussed, Torus Mandibularis are benign bony protuberances found on the mandible. While their presence is frequently noted in oral examinations, the precise factors driving their formation remain an area of active research.

This section will delve into the multifaceted etiology of diagnosing mandibular tori, from initial clinical examination to the incorporation of advanced imaging modalities. We will explore the nuances of visual and tactile assessments, as well as the strategic application of radiographic techniques.

Clinical Evaluation: The Foundation of Diagnosis

The cornerstone of mandibular tori diagnosis lies in a thorough clinical evaluation. This process relies heavily on the dentist's observational skills and tactile sensitivity.

Visual Inspection: Size, Shape, and Location

Visual inspection is the initial step, involving a meticulous examination of the lingual aspect of the mandible. The goal is to identify the presence of any bony protuberances, carefully noting their size, shape, and precise location in relation to anatomical landmarks.

Variations in size and morphology are common, ranging from small, nodular growths to larger, more lobulated structures.

Attention should be paid to any signs of inflammation, ulceration, or other unusual characteristics that could indicate underlying complications or alternative diagnoses.

Palpation: Texture and Extent

Following visual inspection, palpation is employed to assess the texture and extent of the bony growths. Gentle digital pressure is applied to determine the consistency of the tori, which typically present as hard, unyielding masses.

Palpation also helps to delineate the boundaries of the tori and evaluate their attachment to the underlying bone.

Careful palpation is essential to differentiate mandibular tori from other potential lesions, such as cysts or tumors, that may present in the same region.

Diagnostic Tools: Enhancing Diagnostic Accuracy

While clinical evaluation often suffices for diagnosing mandibular tori, diagnostic tools can provide valuable supplementary information, particularly in complex cases.

Panoramic Radiography (Panorex): Initial Radiographic Assessment

Panoramic radiography, commonly known as Panorex, serves as an initial radiographic assessment tool. It provides a broad overview of the mandible and surrounding structures.

While Panorex may not offer the detailed resolution required for surgical planning, it can effectively confirm the presence of bony protuberances and rule out other potential pathologies.

The limitations of Panorex must be acknowledged, including potential distortion and overlapping anatomical structures that can obscure finer details.

Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT): Advanced Imaging for Surgical Planning

In cases where surgical intervention is contemplated, Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) emerges as the gold standard for advanced imaging.

CBCT provides high-resolution, three-dimensional images of the mandible, enabling precise visualization of the tori's size, shape, and relationship to adjacent anatomical structures, such as the inferior alveolar nerve canal.

This level of detail is invaluable for surgical planning, allowing the surgeon to anticipate potential challenges and optimize the surgical approach.

Furthermore, CBCT can be used to assess bone density and evaluate the feasibility of dental implant placement in patients with mandibular tori.

Management and Treatment Options for Mandibular Tori

As discussed, Torus Mandibularis are benign bony protuberances found on the mandible.

While their presence is frequently noted in oral examinations, the precise factors driving their formation remain an area of active research.

This section will delve into the multifaceted etiology of diagnosing and managing Torus Mandibularis.

Indications for Intervention

The decision to treat Torus Mandibularis is not automatic.

Many individuals live with these bony growths without experiencing any significant issues.

However, specific circumstances warrant intervention.

The primary indications for treatment typically arise when the tori interfere with essential oral functions.

This includes impediments to speech and swallowing, as well as challenges in maintaining adequate oral hygiene due to the size or location of the tori.

Perhaps the most common reason for surgical intervention is to facilitate the successful fabrication and fitting of dental prostheses, such as complete or partial dentures.

When tori significantly compromise denture stability, retention, or comfort, removal becomes a necessary step.

Non-Surgical Management: The Role of Monitoring

In many cases, a conservative approach is adopted, focusing on careful monitoring of the tori.

This involves periodic clinical examinations, during which the size, shape, and any associated symptoms are assessed.

Monitoring is particularly appropriate when the tori are small, asymptomatic, and do not pose any immediate threat to oral function or prosthetic rehabilitation.

Patients are educated about the importance of maintaining excellent oral hygiene and reporting any changes or discomfort.

This "watchful waiting" strategy allows for early detection of any progression that might necessitate more active intervention.

Surgical Excision: A Detailed Overview

The Primary Modality

When intervention becomes necessary, surgical excision represents the primary treatment modality for Torus Mandibularis.

The goal of the procedure is to carefully remove the bony overgrowth while preserving the integrity of the surrounding tissues.

Ensuring Patient Comfort: Local Anesthesia

To ensure patient comfort throughout the procedure, local anesthesia is administered.

This numbs the surgical site, effectively eliminating pain and discomfort during the excision.

In certain cases, depending on the complexity of the procedure or patient anxiety, sedation techniques may be considered in conjunction with local anesthesia.

Closure and Healing: The Importance of Sutures

Following the removal of the tori, the surgical site is meticulously closed with sutures.

The sutures help to approximate the soft tissues, promoting proper healing and minimizing the risk of complications.

The type of suture material used and the suturing technique employed will depend on the specific characteristics of the surgical site and the surgeon's preference.

Addressing Significant Bone Removal: The Role of Bone Grafting

In cases where the excision of large tori results in significant bone removal, bone grafting may be considered.

Bone grafting involves the placement of bone or bone substitute material into the defect created by the excision.

This helps to restore the natural contour of the mandible, providing support for overlying soft tissues and promoting optimal healing.

The source of the bone graft can be autogenous (from the patient's own body), allogeneic (from a cadaver donor), or synthetic.

Post-Operative Care: Managing Discomfort and Preventing Infection

Following surgical excision, appropriate post-operative care is essential for promoting healing and preventing complications.

Pain management is typically achieved through the use of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), which help to reduce inflammation and alleviate discomfort.

In some cases, stronger pain medications may be prescribed for the initial days following surgery.

To minimize the risk of infection, antibiotics may be prescribed, particularly in cases involving extensive bone removal or compromised immune function.

Patients are instructed on proper oral hygiene practices, including gentle rinsing with an antibacterial mouthwash, to keep the surgical site clean and free from debris.

Following these guidelines helps prevent infection and promotes proper healing.

Restorative Dentistry Considerations: Mandibular Tori's Impact

As discussed, Torus Mandibularis are benign bony protuberances found on the mandible. While their presence is frequently noted in oral examinations, the precise factors driving their formation remain an area of active research. This section will delve into the multifaceted etiology of diagnosing.

The presence of mandibular tori often presents unique challenges in restorative dentistry. The bony growths can significantly impact treatment planning and execution, particularly in procedures like denture fabrication and dental implant placement. Careful assessment and adaptation are crucial to ensure successful outcomes and patient comfort.

Tori and Denture Fabrication: Alterations in Denture Design

Mandibular tori can directly interfere with the fabrication and fit of complete or partial dentures. The bony prominences occupy space in the oral cavity, potentially leading to:

• Denture instability: The tori can prevent the denture from seating properly, causing rocking or tilting.

• Pressure points and discomfort: The denture base may impinge on the tori, resulting in pain and irritation.

• Compromised retention: The presence of tori can reduce the surface area available for denture adhesion, affecting retention.

To overcome these challenges, several modifications to denture design and fabrication techniques may be necessary.

Denture Base Relief

One common approach is to incorporate relief areas within the denture base. This involves creating space in the denture that corresponds to the location and size of the tori, preventing direct contact and pressure. The relief can be achieved during the denture fabrication process, either by blocking out the tori on the master cast or by selectively removing material from the intaglio surface of the denture.

Custom Tray and Impression Techniques

Accurate impressions are paramount. Custom trays are highly recommended to capture the unique anatomy of the edentulous ridge and the tori. Selective pressure impression techniques can further enhance accuracy by minimizing distortion of the soft tissues overlying the tori.

Surgical Removal

In some cases, the size or location of the tori may preclude successful denture fabrication without surgical intervention. Tori removal (torus reduction) can create a more favorable foundation for denture support and stability. This decision, however, must be carefully weighed against the risks and benefits of surgery, considering the patient's overall health and expectations.

Dental Implant Placement: Surgical Considerations and Osseointegration Challenges

Dental implant placement in the mandible requires careful evaluation of the alveolar ridge, including the presence of tori. These bony growths can impact:

• Implant positioning and angulation: The tori may limit the available space for implant placement, potentially compromising the ideal location and angulation.

• Surgical access and visibility: Large tori can obstruct the surgical field, making implant placement more difficult.

• Bone grafting requirements: If the tori significantly reduce the available bone volume, bone grafting may be necessary to ensure adequate implant support.

Pre-Surgical Planning

Thorough pre-surgical planning is essential. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans are invaluable for visualizing the tori and assessing the surrounding bone structure. This allows the clinician to:

• Determine the size and location of the tori.
• Evaluate the available bone volume for implant placement.
• Identify any anatomical limitations or potential complications.

Surgical Techniques

During implant surgery, the clinician must carefully manage the tori. In some cases, partial or complete removal of the tori may be necessary to facilitate implant placement. This can be performed using various techniques, such as surgical burs, chisels, or piezoelectric instruments.

Osseointegration

Osseointegration, the process by which the implant integrates with the surrounding bone, can be affected by several factors in the presence of tori. For example, excessive bone removal during tori reduction can compromise the blood supply to the implant site, potentially delaying or preventing osseointegration. Careful surgical technique and appropriate bone grafting procedures are crucial to optimize osseointegration.

The Concept of Asymmetry and Mandibular Tori

As discussed, Torus Mandibularis are benign bony protuberances found on the mandible. While their presence is frequently noted in oral examinations, the precise factors driving their formation remain an area of active research. This section will delve into the multifaceted etiology of development while addressing how inherent human asymmetry influences their development and presentation.

The Role of Anatomical Asymmetry

It's crucial to acknowledge that the human body, in its natural state, exhibits a degree of asymmetry. While we often perceive ourselves as perfectly symmetrical, subtle variations exist in skeletal structures, muscle development, and even organ placement. This inherent asymmetry can extend to the mandible and surrounding oral structures.

Such asymmetry may predispose certain areas of the mandible to altered biomechanical stress. In essence, the side of the mandible experiencing greater or different loading patterns due to asymmetry may be more prone to bone remodeling. This bone remodeling, if persistent and localized, can potentially lead to the development of a torus mandibularis.

Unilateral Presentation and Asymmetry

The clinical observation that mandibular tori often present unilaterally, or with significantly differing sizes on each side of the mandible, further supports the asymmetry hypothesis.

If parafunctional habits (such as unilateral teeth grinding) or occlusal imbalances are coupled with underlying skeletal asymmetry, the cumulative effect could be amplified. This could explain why one side of the mandible develops a more pronounced torus than the other.

Implications for Diagnosis and Treatment

Understanding the role of asymmetry has important implications for clinical practice. When evaluating a patient with a torus mandibularis, dental professionals should consider the patient's overall skeletal structure and occlusal patterns.

Identifying any underlying asymmetries or parafunctional habits can provide valuable insights into the etiology of the torus. This, in turn, can inform treatment decisions, such as occlusal adjustments or the management of bruxism, aimed at reducing biomechanical stress on the mandible.

Recognizing the connection between natural human asymmetry and mandibular tori allows for a more holistic and nuanced understanding of these bony outgrowths. The presence, size, and location of the tori should be evaluated in the context of the patient's individual anatomy and habits, as this comprehensive approach is essential for providing the most effective and appropriate care.

The Dental Team's Role: Clinical Examination is Key

As discussed, Torus Mandibularis are benign bony protuberances found on the mandible.

While their presence is frequently noted in oral examinations, the precise factors driving their formation remain an area of active research.

A cornerstone in understanding and managing these anatomical variations rests upon the diligence and expertise of the dental team.

The role of dentists, oral surgeons, and periodontists in the identification and assessment of mandibular tori cannot be overstated.

The Importance of Thorough Clinical Examination

The initial detection of mandibular tori frequently occurs during routine dental check-ups.

It is imperative that dental professionals conduct a thorough clinical examination, not only to identify the presence of these bony outgrowths but also to assess their size, shape, and location.

Visual Inspection and Palpation

The clinical examination involves both visual inspection and palpation.

Visual inspection allows the clinician to observe the size and morphology of the tori.

Palpation, on the other hand, provides valuable information regarding the texture, consistency, and extent of the bony protuberances.

Detailed Medical History

In addition to the physical examination, obtaining a detailed medical and dental history is crucial.

This includes inquiring about any familial history of tori, bruxism, clenching habits, or parafunctional activities, which may contribute to their development.

Early Detection: A Cornerstone of Effective Management

Early detection through comprehensive clinical examinations is paramount for effective management.

By identifying tori early on, dental professionals can monitor their growth and development over time.

This proactive approach allows for timely intervention if the tori begin to interfere with speech, swallowing, oral hygiene, or the fabrication of dental prostheses.

The Oral Surgeon's Perspective

Oral surgeons play a pivotal role in the surgical management of mandibular tori.

When surgical excision is indicated, oral surgeons possess the expertise to perform the procedure safely and effectively.

Their advanced training and knowledge of surgical techniques ensure optimal outcomes and minimize the risk of complications.

The Periodontist's Insight

Periodontists, with their specialized knowledge of the supporting structures of the teeth, can provide valuable insights into the relationship between mandibular tori and periodontal health.

They can assess whether the presence of tori is contributing to any periodontal problems, such as difficulty in maintaining proper oral hygiene or increased risk of inflammation.

Interdisciplinary Collaboration

Ultimately, the successful management of mandibular tori often requires an interdisciplinary approach.

Collaboration between general dentists, oral surgeons, and periodontists is essential to ensure that patients receive comprehensive and coordinated care.

By working together, the dental team can develop a tailored treatment plan that addresses the individual needs and concerns of each patient.

Emphasizing Patient Education

Patient education is an integral component of the management process.

Dental professionals should take the time to explain the nature of mandibular tori, discuss potential treatment options, and address any questions or concerns that patients may have.

Empowering patients with knowledge enables them to make informed decisions about their oral health and actively participate in their care.

Further Research: Relevant Resources for More Information

As discussed, Torus Mandibularis are benign bony protuberances found on the mandible. While their presence is frequently noted in oral examinations, the precise factors driving their formation remain an area of active research. A cornerstone in understanding and managing these anatomical variations lies in continuous learning and staying updated with the latest findings.

This section will guide the reader toward resources that offer in-depth information regarding mandibular tori. These resources serve as invaluable tools for dental professionals, researchers, and anyone seeking to broaden their understanding of this common oral feature.

PubMed: A Gateway to Scientific Literature

PubMed stands as a preeminent resource for accessing biomedical literature. Maintained by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) at the National Library of Medicine (NLM), PubMed indexes a vast collection of research articles, reviews, and clinical trials. Its user-friendly interface and comprehensive search capabilities make it an indispensable tool for exploring the existing body of knowledge on mandibular tori.

Navigating PubMed for Mandibular Tori Research

To effectively utilize PubMed for researching mandibular tori, employ specific search terms. Using the term "Torus Mandibularis" in quotations ensures that the search is limited to articles specifically addressing this topic.

Alternatively, search terms such as "Mandibular Tori," "Mandibular Exostoses," or "Lingual Tori" can be used. Experiment with different combinations of keywords to broaden or refine your search results.

Refining Your Search: Utilizing Filters and Advanced Search Options

PubMed offers an array of filters and advanced search options to narrow down results. Consider using filters like "Publication Date" to prioritize recent studies. Additionally, select "Review" under Article Type to find comprehensive summaries of existing research.

The "Advanced Search" feature allows for more complex queries, combining keywords with Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT) to target specific aspects of mandibular tori, such as etiology, diagnosis, or treatment.

Other Valuable Resources

While PubMed serves as a central hub for scientific literature, other resources can complement your research efforts.

University Dental Libraries

Many universities with strong dental programs maintain extensive online libraries. These libraries offer access to journals, textbooks, and databases that may not be freely available through PubMed. Exploring these resources can provide a wealth of specialized knowledge.

Dental Associations and Organizations

Professional dental associations and organizations often publish guidelines, position papers, and continuing education materials related to various oral conditions. Examining these resources can offer practical insights into the clinical management of mandibular tori. Examples of these types of organizations would be the American Dental Association (ADA) and the American Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (AAOMS).

Open Access Journals

Numerous open-access journals publish peer-reviewed research on oral health. These journals provide a valuable source of freely accessible information on mandibular tori and related topics.

The Importance of Critical Evaluation

As with any research endeavor, it is crucial to critically evaluate the information obtained from these resources. Consider the source's credibility, the study's methodology, and the potential for bias.

Cross-referencing information from multiple sources will ensure a well-rounded understanding of mandibular tori and its implications.

So, if you've noticed a bony bump developing on one side of your lower jaw and suspect it might be mandibular tori on one side, don't panic! Chat with your dentist or oral surgeon. They can properly diagnose the situation and guide you through the best course of action, whether that's simply monitoring it or exploring treatment options. After all, it's always best to be informed and proactive when it comes to your oral health.